{"id":39278,"date":"2026-02-23T11:47:47","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T08:47:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/?p=39278"},"modified":"2026-02-23T11:47:49","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T08:47:49","slug":"%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%87-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/blog\/2026\/02\/23\/%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%87-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ae\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (10).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639
\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629.  \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (EMRR) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (513 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 986 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u061b 55 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 134 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636) (8). \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 187 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 (9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (10).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639
\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c 2020. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: https:\/\/www.nccmerp.org\/about-medication-errors<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631. \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c 2020. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: https:\/\/www.nehi.net\/bendthecurve\/sup\/documents\/Medication_Errors_%20Brief.pdf<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0633\u064a.\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0625\u0633. \u0625\u0644.\u060c \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0645.\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648\u060c \u062f\u064a. \u0625\u064a\u0647. \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c 2012\u061b 39(1): 39-50. [PMID: 23155743]<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0648.\u060c \u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0647.\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0647. \u0625\u062a\u0634.\u060c \u063a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0622\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c 2011\u061b\u00a0 \u0664\u0666(\u0665): \u0661\u0665\u0661\u0667-\u0663\u0663.[http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2011.01269.x] [PMID:21554271]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u0665. \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0666. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0666. \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633. \u0648.\u060c \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0633. \u0645.\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u062f.\u060c \u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0631 \u0641. \u0628.\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062c.\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0631. \u0623.\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 [\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0661 [\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0662\u0661 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0666]\u061b \u0661\u0666(\u0663): \u0663\u0662\u0662-\u0663\u0662\u0668.  \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33006539\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645.\u060c \u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0634\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0633.\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623.\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0632\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645.\u060c \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d.\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u060c \u064a. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 Acta Med Iran\u060c 2012\u061b 50(11): 771-777.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623.\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0623.\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0645.\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646. \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 Hosp Pharm\u060c 2014\u061b 49(6): 530-538. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1310\/hpj4906-530<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0631.\u060c \u062d\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0623.\u0623.\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0633.\u0633.\u0623.\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646.\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 2019\u061b 41(1): 237-243. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s11096-018-0762-1.
      \u0661\u0660. 10. \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0646 \u0643.\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0632 \u062c.\u0628.\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 \u0625.\u0633.\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2005). \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 4). \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":39279,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[104,124],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs","category-124"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/1000086543.jpg?fit=900%2C901&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39278"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39280,"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39278\/revisions\/39280"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39279"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pharmacy.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}